Machu Picchu is one of the richest ecosystems on the planet. Its strategic location between the Andes Mountains and the Amazon Rainforest creates perfect microclimates for unique flora and fauna.
Biodiversity: Wild orchids
Nearly 500 species of orchids have been recorded in the Sanctuary in the wild. Many of them are so small that they blend perfectly into the landscape of trunks and rocks.
The most famous: The Waqanki (Masdevallia veitchiana), known as the "crying orchid," stands out for its intense orange color.
Best time: During the rainy season (November to March), the flowering is more spectacular, revealing spontaneous shapes and colors.
Bird watching
With more than 400 registered species, Machu Picchu is a privileged destination for bird watching. During your tour, you could spot:
Andean Cock-of-the-rock: Peru's national bird, famous for its bright red-orange plumage. It is usually seen near waterfalls or high jungle areas.
Giant Hummingbirds: Birds with an impressive wingbeat that flutter among the flowers on the Inca terraces.
Other species: The Andean Condor, the Torrent Duck, and the Andean Motmot.
Emblematic fauna
In addition to birds, the sanctuary protects endangered species that inhabit the archaeological zone:
Spectacled Bear: The only bear in South America. It is shy, but sometimes it can be seen walking on the terraces of the agricultural sector.
Llamas: The best-known residents of the citadel. They are friendly and are always present in the grazing areas for photos.
Explorer tip: If you are passionate about botany, you can visit the Machu Picchu Botanical Garden (located near the Site Museum), where you can see hundreds of these species in a short 20-minute tour.